The freezing of sperm makes sense when testicular surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy are planned due to disease and are expected to limit future fertility.

In some cases the freezing of sperm can also be desired due to long term absence of the man. The frozen sperm can then be used for ICSI therapy or for insemination depending on the individual circumstances.

Extracted testicular tissue and sperm can also be cryopreserved and used in subsequent treatments.